Main Content
< Top page

The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta

Loxophyllum

Loxophyllum Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 2013) reported year? (ref. ID; 1618) or Dujardin-Wrzesniowski, 1870 (ref. ID; 3690)

Class Kinetofragminophora: Subclass Gymnostomata: Order Pleurostomatida: Family Amphileptidae (ref. ID; 2013)

Synonym Opistyodon Stein (ref. ID; 1618)

[ref. ID; 2013]
Body shape elongate, laterally flattened with flat right (lower) surface and partly domed left (upper) surface. Anterior region narrows to form a blunt point which is held dorsally. The oral aperture takes the form of a long slit situated along the ventral edge. There is no mane-like brush of cilia along the neck as there is in Amphileptus and Litonotus. A flattened non-granular band which is often striated transversely by many trichocysts runs down the entire length of the ventral edge. The dorsal edge either resembles the ventral edge with a band of trichocysts or more commonly there is a series or trichocysts warts at intervals along its length. There are many ciliary rows on the right (lower) surface and fewer on the left (upper). There is usually a large terminal contractile vacuole either with or without smaller vacuoles along the dorsal and/or ventral edges, rarely with long dorsal serving canal. Macronucleus ovoid in 1, 2 or many moniliform form pieces. Carnivorous, often upon rotifers and other ciliates.
Quote; Colin R. Curds "British and other freshwater ciliated protozoa Part I Ciliophora: Kinetofragminophora" Cambridge University Press, 1982 (ref. ID; 2013)
  1. Loxophyllum armatum Butschli, 1889
    See; Bryophyllum lieberkuhni (ref. ID; 1622)
  2. Loxophyllum armatum Penard, 1922
    See; Bryophyllum penardi (ref. ID; 1622)
  3. Loxophyllum compressum Dragesco, 1965 (ref. ID; 2316)
  4. Loxophyllum fasciola Claparede & Lachmann, 1981
    See; Litonotus fasciola (ref. ID; 3115)
  5. Loxophyllum fasciolatum Kahl, 1933 (ref. ID; 1620)
  6. Loxophyllum fibrillatus Dragesco (ref. ID; 3690)
  7. Loxophyllum grande (Entz, 1879) (ref. ID; 1622)
  8. Loxophyllum helus Stokes (ref. ID; 3690, 3698, 3771, 5624), (Stokes, 1884) Kahl, 1931 (ref. ID; 1622, 1629, 2117) or (Stokes, 1884) Penard, 1922 (ref. ID; 4612)
    Syn; Litonotus helus Stokes, 1884 (ref. ID; 1622, 4612); Litonotus verrucosum Florentin, 1889 (ref. ID; 1622); Loxophyllum verrucosum Florentin, 1889 (ref. ID; 1622)
  9. Loxophyllum helus var. minimus Dragesco, 1960 (ref. ID; 3690 original paper)
  10. Loxophyllum helus var. multiverrucosam Kahl, 1933 (ref. ID; 1620)
  11. Loxophyllum helus var. rotundatum Kahl, 1933 (ref. ID; 1620)
  12. Loxophyllum kahli Dragesco, 1960 (ref. ID; 3690 original paper) reported year? (ref. ID; 2117)
  13. Loxophyllum laevigatum Dragesco (ref. ID; 2117)
  14. Loxophyllum laevigatum Sauerbrey, 1928 (ref. ID; 3690)
  15. Loxophyllum lamella Claparede & Lachmann, 1861
    See; Litonotus lamella (ref. ID; 3115)
  16. Loxophyllum lanceolatum Dragesco (ref. ID; 3690)
  17. Loxophyllum levigatum Sauerbrey, 1928 (ref. ID; 1622, 3119)
  18. Loxophyllum meleagris (Mueller, 1773) Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 4488, 4612) or Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 1219, 1622, 1629, 2245) reported year? (ref. ID; 1618, 3690)
    Syn; Kolpoda meleagris O.F. Muller, 1773 (ref. ID; 4612)
  19. Loxophyllum multinucleatum Kahl, 1928 (ref. ID; 1622, 2117)
  20. Loxophyllum multiplicatum (ref. ID; 1620, 1622)
  21. Loxophyllum niemeccense (Stein, 1859) (ref. ID; 1622)
  22. Loxophyllum perihoplophorum V. Buddenbrock, 1920 (ref. ID; 1620, 1622)
  23. Loxophyllum psammophyllus Dragesco (ref. ID; 3690)
  24. Loxophyllum pseudosetigerum Dragesco (ref. ID; 3690)
  25. Loxophyllum punctatum Kahl, 1933 (ref. ID; 1620)
  26. Loxophyllum pyriforme Gourret & Roeser, 1886 (ref. ID; 1622)
  27. Loxophyllum rostratum Cohn, 1866 (ref. ID; 1335, 1622, 1879)
  28. Loxophyllum schewiakoffi Burkovsky, 1970 (ref. ID; 2112 original paper)
  29. Loxophyllum serratum Kahl, 1933 (ref. ID; 1620)
  30. Loxophyllum setigerum Quennerstedt, 1867 (ref. ID; 1622, 1879, 2117) reported year? (ref. ID; 1618, 3690, 3771)
    Syn; Litosolenus armatus Stokes, 1893 (ref. ID; 1622)
  31. Loxophyllum setigerum var. fibrillatum Dragesco, 1960 (ref. ID; 3119)
  32. Loxophyllum setigerum var. fibrillatus Dragesco, 1960 (ref. ID; 3690 original paper)
  33. Loxophyllum simplex Kahl, 1933 (ref. ID; 1620)
  34. Loxophyllum soliforme Faure-Fremiet, 1908 (ref. ID; 1622)
  35. Loxophyllum trichocystum Hartwig, 1973 (ref. ID; 3119 original paper)
  36. Loxophyllum trinucleatum Mansfeld, 1923 (ref. ID; 1622) reported year? (ref. ID; 3690)
  37. Loxophyllum undulatum Sauerbrey, 1928 (ref. ID; 1622, 3690)
  38. Loxophyllum uninucleatum Kahl, 1928 (ref. ID; 1622)
  39. Loxophyllum utriculariae (Penard, 1922) (ref. ID; 1622, 1629, 3593) or (Penard, 1922) Kahl, 1926 (ref. ID; 4612)
    Syn; Amphileptus utriculariae Penard, 1922 (ref. ID; 4612)
  40. Loxophyllum variabilis Dragesco, 1960 (ref. ID; 2112) reported year? (ref. ID; 3690)
  41. Loxophyllum vermiforme Sauerbrey, 1928 (ref. ID; 1622, 2117, 3119, 3690)
  42. Loxophyllum verrucosum Florentin, 1889
    See; Loxophyllum helus (ref. ID; 1622)
  43. Loxophyllum verrucosum (Stokes, 1893) (ref. ID; 1622)
  44. Loxophyllum vorax Stokes, 1888
    See; Bryophyllum vorax (Stokes, 1888) Kahl, 1931 (ref. ID; 1622)

Loxophyllum compressum Dragesco, 1965 (ref. ID; 2316)

Descriptions

This single specimen was elongate and laterally flattened. Anteriorly the cell narrowed to a blunt point. At least six macronuclei and a single, terminal contractile vacuole. Trichocycts plentiful throughout the body. This identification must be viewed with caution; at least 15 trichocyst warts were clearly visible on the dorsal edge. They were not reported in the original description (Dragesco 1965). (ref. ID; 2316)

Measurements

Length 240 um. (ref. ID; 2316)

Loxophyllum meleagris (Mueller, 1773) Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 4488, 4612) or Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 1219, 1622, 1629, 2245) reported year? (ref. ID; 1618, 3690)

Synonym

Kolpoda meleagris O.F. Muller, 1773 (ref. ID; 4612)

Descriptions

Form and size highly variable; flask-shape to broad leaf-like; broad ventral seam with trichocysts and often undulating; dorsal seam narrow and near its edge, groups of trichocysts in wart-like protuberances; macronucleus moniliform; micronuclei, as many as beads of the macronucleus; contractile vacuole terminal, with a long canal; feeds mainly on rotifers; fresh water. (ref. ID; 1618)

Measurements

300-400 um long, up to 700 um. (ref. ID; 1618)

Loxophyllum setigerum Quennerstedt, 1867 (ref. ID; 1622, 1879, 2117) reported year? (ref. ID; 1618, 3690, 3771)

Synonym

Litosolenus armatus Stokes, 1893 (ref. ID; 1622)

Descriptions

Form variable; 1-4 macronuclei; several contractile vacuoles in a row; salt and brackish water. (ref. ID; 1618)

Measurements

100-350 um long; average 150 by 60 um. (ref. ID; 1618)